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地面地震、VSP和井间地震等多尺度地震资料在油气勘探开发中发挥着重要的作用,但不同的观测尺度和资料采集处理方式限制了多种资料之间的有效匹配和综合应用.通过对同一地质体模型采用波动方程开展正演模拟分析,进一步开展逆时偏移有利于更好地建立起多尺度地震资料之间的联系与差异.分析表明,地面地震、VSP和井间地震等不同尺度下的观测资料都能在对应的范围内准确反映地质体的地震反射特征,而观测尺度和观测方式的不同则导致多尺度地震资料在分辨率、波场信息丰富程度和观测范围等方面存在差异;正演模拟地震道的时频分析进一步表明多尺度地震资料在时间域和频率域都存在着较好的联系,特别是井间地震和VSP等井中地震资料能够提供更为合理、可靠的高频信息,在提高地面地震资料分辨率方面具有明显的优势,为开展多尺度地震资料的综合研究与应用提供了基础.
Multi-scale seismic data such as surface earthquakes, VSP and cross-well earthquakes play an important role in oil and gas exploration and development, but different observation scales and data collection and processing methods limit the effective matching and comprehensive application of various data. The same geologic body model using wave equation for forward modeling analysis, and further to carry out the inverse time migration is conducive to better establish the relationship between multi-scale seismic data and differences.It shows that the surface seismic, VSP and crosswell seismic The observation data at the scale can accurately reflect the seismic reflection characteristics of the geological body within the corresponding range. However, the differences between the observation scale and the observation mode lead to the existence of multi-scale seismic data in terms of resolution, richness of wave field information and observation range Time-frequency analysis of forward modeling seismic traces further indicates that there is a good relationship between multi-scale seismic data in time domain and frequency domain. In particular, seismic data in crosswell and VSP wells can provide more reasonable and reliable High-frequency information, in enhancing the resolution of terrestrial seismic data has obvious advantages for the development of multi-scale seismic data Comprehensive research and application provide the foundation.