本文依据较为原始的《满文老档》及明代实录、笔记等资料为据,主要对李永芳从事对明王朝情报及上层策反事实进行搜集、考订,通过典型事例分析,深感李永芳不仅在投诚初期深受努尔哈赤特别优待和重用,更在协助努尔哈赤顺利打下辽西诸城方面发挥了重大作用。这些事实既反映了明清时期双方谍战的尖锐、复杂和诡异,也补充了李永芳历史上的若干史事,更便于进一步了解当时的战争和社会状况。 Based on the original “Manchu old files” and Ming dynasty records, notes and other data as the basis, this article mainly collects and examines the fact that Li Yongfang was engaged in the intelligence and counterfactuals of the Ming dynasty. Through a typical case analysis, Li Yongfang is deeply influenced not only by In the early days of Uprising, Uttarakhand was particularly favored and reused by Nurhachu and played an important role in assisting Nurhaci in the smooth laying down of all the cities in western Liaoning. These facts reflect the sharpness, complexity and weirdness of the spy operations between the two sides during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They also complement some of Li Yongfang’s historical records and make it easier to understand more about the current war and social conditions.