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西画东渐是东西方文化交流的一个重要组成部分。西方绘画自明代时传人中国．但直至19世纪末．西画都仅仅停留在样式及技术手段的移植传播阶段．即使是在19世纪．由传教士承担的传习工作使西画开始普及到民间．渐而发展成为一种具有实用价值、工艺性极强的贸易画和民间肖像画．但这些创作都未进入中国美术创作的主流。尽管如此．这些民间西画活动还是传播了西画技法．作为一种启蒙．在一定程度上奠定了油画中国化的群众基础。所以．徐悲鸿将始建于1854年的上海徐家汇天主教堂的土山湾画馆称之为“中国西画洋画之摇篮”。
East painting is an important part of East-West cultural exchanges. Western painting came to China since Ming Dynasty. But until the end of the 19th century. Western painting only stay in the stage of transplantation of style and technical means. Even in the 19th century. The missionary work undertaken by the missionaries made the spread of Western painting popular among the people. Gradually developed into a practical value, highly technical trade paintings and folk portraits. However, none of these creations has entered the mainstream of Chinese art creation. despite this. These folk Western painting activities still spread Western painting techniques. As a kind of enlightenment. To a certain extent, laid the mass foundation for the localization of Chinese painting. and so. Xu Beihong calls the Tushanwan Art Museum of Shanghai Xujiahui Catholic Church, founded in 1854, “the cradle of Chinese Western painting.”