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爱滋病(AIDS)的全名是后天免疫性缺损综合症,它是1981年美国乔治亚州亚特兰大的疾病控制中心(CDC)报告第一个病例时所命名的。这种病是一种新的人类传染病,是由一种单一的新近发现的独特的病毒传染的。这种病毒称为人类T细胞亲淋巴病毒Ⅲ型淋巴结病有关的病毒和AIDS有关的后病毒(retrovirus),简称为AIDS病毒。AIDS病毒是一种亚科Lentivirinae的后病毒由AIDS病毒引起的病谱很广。在感染后几个星期,病毒通常引起类似于腺热的短期急性病,继之以无症状的时期(可能持续几个月或几年),然后可能有持续减重,间歇发烧,慢性腹泻,全身性淋巴结病,进行性脑病,粟粒性结核病,疟疾,细菌性肺炎或革兰氏阻性菌败血症,更不用说CDC定义的AIDS的复杂机会致病菌感染。AIDS病毒持续感染周围血液、淋巴节和脾中少量成熟的T助手淋巴细胞,亦持续感染全部脑细胞。AIDS病毒对于极少数淋巴细胞来说是致细胞病变的(杀伤细胞),在那些淋巴细胞中AIDS病毒在几个月至几年内可以重现并引起轻度或深刻的免
The full name of AIDS is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, named after the first case reported by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1981. The disease is a new type of human infection that is contagious by a single, newly discovered, unique virus. This virus is called a retrovirus associated with HIV-3 related to human T-cell lymphomatosis type III lymphadenopathy and is referred to as AIDS virus. AIDS virus is a subfamily of Lentivirinae’s post-virus caused by the AIDS virus is very broad spectrum. In the weeks following infection, the virus usually causes short-term acute illness similar to glandular fever, followed by an asymptomatic period (which may last for months or years) and may then have sustained weight loss, intermittent fever, chronic diarrhea, generalized Sexual lymphadenopathy, encephalopathy, miliary tuberculosis, malaria, bacterial pneumonia or Gram-negative bacteremia, not to mention the complex opportunistic pathogenic infection of AIDS defined by the CDC. The AIDS virus continues to infect a small amount of mature T helper lymphocytes in the surrounding blood, lymph nodes and spleen, and it continues to infect all brain cells. AIDS virus is a cytopathogenic (killer) cell for a very small number of lymphocytes, in which the AIDS virus can reproduce over a period of months to years and cause mild or profound