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判断一首词之本色,或者非本色,其方法大致有二:一为标准的制定及义界的规限,看其似与非似。这是立论之本。二为题材的辨别及表现方法的抉择,看其所写是感觉、印象,还是思想、认识;是有理之理,还是无理之理;是赋笔白描,还是比兴寄托。这是言传方式的具体运用。前者偏向于主观上的感悟,后者则偏向于客观上的实证及体验。但这并非绝对。作为讲堂实录,仅是示例而已。所谓辨别与抉择,两两并列,仍须作两面观。同一作者,或者不同作者,比兴寄托,一样亦能作得当行出色。用审美标准看,最好的词应当就是本色词;而用功利标准看,非本色的词不一定就不是好的词。
To determine the nature of a word, or non-character, there are roughly two ways: First, the standard set and the boundaries of justice, to see its similar and non-like. This is the origin of the argument. Second, the theme of discrimination and expression of the choice of method to see whether it is written by the feeling, impression, or thinking, understanding; is rational reason, or unreasonable reason; is fussy sketch, or more than sustenance. This is the specific use of the way of speech. The former favors the subjective perception, the latter tends to objective evidence and experience. But this is not absolute. Record as a lecture, just an example. The so-called discrimination and choice, tied to each other, still need to make a double view. The same author, or different author, than Hing sustenance, the same can be done well. Judging from the aesthetic standards, the best words should be the qualities of the words; while the utilitarian standards, the words of the unnatural ones are not necessarily good words.