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我因为有别的会,不能来参加讨论,很遗憾。关于叶老的语文教育思想。我在《叶圣陶语文教育论集》的序言里归纳为主要两点,一点是要认识语文是工具,一点是要引导学生自己学习。叶老讲语文教育,越到后来越强调这第二点。1962年叶老写了一首诗《语文教学二十韵》,里边有这么几句:“为教纵详密,亦仅一隅陈,贵能令三反,触处自引伸。”1977年又应《人民教育》编辑部之请,写了一首论语文教育的诗,里边说:“所贵乎教者,自力之锻炼,诱导与启发,讲义并示范,其道固多端,终的乃一贯,譬引儿学步,独行所切盼。”叶老又把这个道理归纳为一句非常精辟的话,就是大家常常引用的“教是为了不教”。论起来,这“教是为了不教”的道理,不但适用于语文教学,也适用于一切知识和技能的教学,什么叫做教育?教育就是诱发学习者的积极的、主动的努力,这几乎是所有教育家的一致意见。但是现实并非如此,填鸭式的教学法仍然占上风。我们不妨说,在教学问题上,可以有两种目的,适用两种方法,产生两种效果。一种教学的目的是要学生获得现成的知识,越多越好。与
I am sorry that I cannot attend the discussion because I have other meetings. On Ye Lao’s Thoughts on Language Education. In the preface to Ye Shengtao’s collection of Chinese language education, I summarized them into two main points. One is to understand that Chinese is a tool, and one is to guide students to learn by themselves. Ye Lao speaks Chinese language education. The second and later points are emphasized more and more. In 1962, Ye Lao wrote a poem entitled “Twenty Rhyme in Chinese Language Teaching.” There are a few words in it: “For the sake of teaching, there is only one copy of Chen. You can make three contradictions and touch your own extension.” At the request of the editorial department of the People’s Education, he wrote a poem on language education. He said, “You are a teacher who is a teacher of yours. You can exercise your own strength, induce and inspire, give lectures and demonstrate. Invariably, he has drawn on children to learn how to walk, and he alone is looking forward to it.” Ye Lao once again summed up the truth as a very penetrating statement, that is, people often quote “teaching is not to teach”. In theory, this ”teaching is not to teach" principle applies not only to Chinese teaching, but also to teaching of all knowledge and skills. What is education? Education is a positive and active effort that induces learners. It is almost All educators agree. However, the reality is not the case, and the spoon-feeding method still prevails. We may wish to say that there are two purposes in the teaching problem. Two methods can be applied to produce two effects. The purpose of a kind of teaching is for students to obtain ready-made knowledge, the more the better. versus