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目的分析2006-2015年北京市昌平区肺结核报告发病情况及其流行病学特征,为针对性的制定结核病防治策略提供依据。方法利用《传染病报告信息管理系统》的统计报表模块收集肺结核数据信息,运用描述性统计学方法对监测数据进行分析。结果 2006-2015年昌平区报告肺结核病例7 082例,发病率由2006年的76.87/10万上升到2008年的127.55/10万,又下降到2015年的40.69/10万,各年发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001),10年间共报告1 672例涂阳患者(占23.61%),发病率由2006年19.36/10万上升到2008年的28.50/10万,又下降到2015年的10.53/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。报告病例中男性(4 633例)是女性(2 449例)的1.89倍,各年度男性与女性患者发病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。报告病例主要集中在15~25岁年龄组(47.99%)和65岁以上(9.90%)人群,职业分布以农民、家务及待业、学生、干部职员、工人为主,占报告病例的71.19%。本地户籍患者报告病例(5 441例)是非户籍患者(1 641例)的3.32倍,各年度本地户籍与非本地户籍患者报告发病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.0001),非户籍患者报告发病率整体上呈先升后降的趋势,在2008年达到近十年的高峰,发病率为53.26/10万。结论 2006-2015年北京市昌平区肺结核发病率呈下降趋势,但是结核病的流行仍然严重,应继续加强对重点人群的结核病防治工作。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Changping District of Beijing from 2006 to 2015 so as to provide basis for targeted prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods The statistical reporting module of Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System was used to collect the information of tuberculosis data, and the descriptive statistics method was used to analyze the monitoring data. Results A total of 7 082 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Changping District from 2006 to 2015, the incidence increased from 76.87 / 100 000 in 2006 to 127.55 / 100 000 in 2008 and then to 40.69 / 100 000 in 2015. The incidence of tuberculosis (P <0.0001). A total of 1 672 smear-positive patients (23.61%) were reported in 10 years. The incidence increased from 19.36 / 100,000 in 2006 to 28.50 / 100 000 in 2008 and then dropped to 2015 Of 10.53 / 10 million, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.0001). The reported number of males (4,633) was 1.89 times that of females (2,449), and the incidence of males and females in each year was significantly different (P <0.0001). The reported cases were mainly in the age group of 15 to 25 (47.99%) and people over the age of 65 (9.90%). The distribution of occupations was dominated by peasants, household and unemployed students, cadres and staff members and workers, accounting for 71.19% of the reported cases. The number of reported cases of local registered permanent residents (3.441 cases) was 3.32 times that of non-registered residents (1641 cases). There were significant differences in the reported incidence rates between local registered and non-local registered residents in each year (P <0.0001) The overall incidence of the disease showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. In 2008, the incidence peaked at nearly 10 years with a prevalence of 53.26 / 100,000. Conclusions The incidence of tuberculosis in Changping District of Beijing dropped from 2006 to 2015. However, the prevalence of tuberculosis is still serious. Tuberculosis prevention and control work should continue to be strengthened in key populations.