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近年来,超强、超短、超快自由电子激光新技术在世界得到前所未有的发展,已成为探索光与物质相互作用的全新工具。在原子分子领域,短波自由电子激光的应用主要体现在多光子非线性和超快电子原子分子的反应动力学及控制等领域。从简单He原子到复杂化学生物分子、外壳层到内壳层、单光子到多光子、单脉冲到时间分辨的抽运探测、深紫外到硬X射线,能量谱到有时间分辨的动量谱,实验取得了一系列重大突破,让人们在飞秒时间尺度和原子空间尺度下探索操纵量子规律成为可能。本文系统介绍了本领域的最新实验进展,通过几个代表性研究成果,展示短波自由电子激光在电子、原子、分子量子特性研究中的重要突破。
In recent years, ultra-strong, ultra-short, ultra-fast free electron laser technology in the world has been an unprecedented development, has become a new tool to explore the interaction of light and matter. In the field of atomic molecules, shortwave free electron lasers are mainly used in the fields of reaction kinetics and control of multiphoton nonlinear and ultrafast electron-atom molecules. From simple He atoms to complex chemical biomolecules, shell to shell, single photon to multiphoton, single pulse to time-resolved pumped detection, deep ultraviolet to hard X-ray, energy spectrum to time-resolved momentum spectroscopy, Experiments made a series of major breakthroughs, allowing people to explore manipulation of quantum law at the femtosecond time scale and atomic space scale possible. This article systematically introduces the latest progress in the field of the experiment, through several representative research results show that the shortwave free electron laser in electron, atom, molecular quantum properties of the important breakthrough.