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本文将1966～1980年我学院第一、二附属医院儿科住院死亡尸检140例(不包括新生儿尸检)的病理和临床诊断加以对照,发现主要临床诊断错误50例,占35.7%。对误诊的原因进行分析,从中总结经验教训,以提高诊断水平。一、误诊与发病年龄关系:将不同年龄病例分为5组,其中以1～6月及7～14岁2组误诊率最高,均为40%。前者可能与婴儿生理解剖功能尚未成熟、机体对疾病的反应不典型有关;后者可能与病情复杂(如全身曲菌病)或病情急骤(急性中毒)有关。其余6～12月组误诊率为28.6%,1～3岁组为32.1%,3～7岁组为34.6%。
This article compares the pathology and clinical diagnosis of 140 autopsy (excluding neonatal autopsy) in pediatric inpatient department of the first and second affiliated hospital from 1966 to 1980, and found that the main clinical diagnosis error was 50 cases (35.7%). Analysis of the causes of misdiagnosis, from which lessons learned to improve the diagnostic level. First, the misdiagnosis and age of onset: The different age cases were divided into 5 groups, of which 1 to 6 months and 7 to 14 years old, the highest misdiagnosis rate of 2 groups were 40%. The former may be related to infants’ physiological anatomical function is not yet mature, the body’s response to the disease is not typical; the latter may be complicated with the disease (such as systemic Aspergillosis) or in acute condition (acute poisoning). The remaining 6-12 months misdiagnosis rate was 28.6%, 1 to 3 years old group was 32.1%, 3 to 7 years old group was 34.6%.