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水平叠加技术是提高地震资料的信噪比和分辨率的方法之一.只有当CMP道集同相轴校齐,消除各种时差,才能实现CMP道集中各道真正的同相位叠加,否则地震资料的高频信息会缺失,降低信噪比和分辨率.本文给出一种应用相位替换的处理方法消除CMP道集中的剩余时差,利用消除剩余时差后的CMP道集进行叠加.这种方法的理论基础是地震信号的到达时完全包含在信号的相位谱中,通过改变相位谱可以达到改变信号到达时的目的.综合理论模型和实际资料的数据处理,详细探讨了该方法对提高信噪比和分辨率的效果,结果表明,通过选取合适的参考道,该方法可有效地提高地震资料的信噪比和分辨率且理论上可以消除任何时差.
Horizontal stacking technique is one of the methods to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data.It is only through the coincidence phase of the CMP gathers that the various time differences are eliminated to realize the real in-phase stacking of the CMP gathers, otherwise the seismic data Of the high frequency information will be missing, reducing the signal to noise ratio and resolution.In this paper, a phase replacement method is applied to eliminate the remaining time difference in the CMP gathers, the use of CMP gathers to eliminate the residual time difference superimposed. The theoretical basis is that the arrival of the seismic signal is completely contained in the phase spectrum of the signal, and the purpose of changing the signal arrival can be achieved by changing the phase spectrum.A comprehensive theoretical model and the actual data processing are discussed in detail to improve the signal to noise ratio The results show that this method can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data and can theoretically eliminate any time difference by selecting the appropriate reference track.