目的为进一步探讨氯氮平对白细胞的影响。方法对同期单用氯氮平与单用氯丙嗪治疗的住院精神病人白细胞计数变化进行回顾性对比分析，并对有关因素进行了探讨。结果氯氮平组白细胞变化发生率为１３８５％，而氯丙嗪组为５２２％，差异非常显著（Ｐ＜００１），其中白细胞升高前者为８０８％，后者为２２４％，差异非常显著（Ｐ＜００１）。白细胞减少两组无明显差异，而粒细胞缺乏仅见于氯氮平组。结论氯氮平对白细胞影响较大，尤其是粒细胞缺乏可危及生命，故认为此药应作为第二线抗精神药物，限用于躯体情况良好的难治性病例。 Objective To further explore the impact of clozapine on leukocytes. Methods The changes of white blood cell count in hospitalized patients treated with clozapine alone and chlorpromazine alone during the same period were retrospectively analyzed and the related factors were discussed. Results The incidence of leukocyte change in clozapine group was 1385%, while it was 522% in chlorpromazine group (P <001). The former was 808% Was 2  24%, the difference was significant (P <0  01). Leukopenia was no significant difference between the two groups, while agranulocytosis was found only in the clozapine group. Conclusion Clozapine has a great effect on white blood cells, especially agranulocytosis, which is considered as a second-line antipsychotole and is limited to refractory cases of somatic condition.