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地基土的物理力学性质一般都有很大的变异性,并且表征这一变异性的指标——方差与所考虑区域的大小有关,区域越大,方差越小。文中介绍了点指标、空间平均、方差折减系数、变异长度等概念,并且指出了土性指标变异性的三类起因。最后,举了一个确定软粘土层工地十字板抗剪强度指标的空间均值及其变异系数的例子。
The physico-mechanical properties of foundation soils are generally highly variable, and the variance that characterizes this variability is related to the size of the area under consideration. The larger the area, the smaller the variance. The concepts of point index, spatial average, variance reduction coefficient, and variation length are introduced in this paper, and the three causes of the variability of soil indicators are pointed out. Finally, an example of determining the spatial mean value and its coefficient of variation of the shear strength index of the cross plate of a soft clay layer is given.