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[目的]了解男性医学生暴露于二手烟的情况,以及他们对二手烟危害的认知、态度等,分析影响其暴露于二手烟的原因,提出有效地控制并减少医学生暴露于二手烟的对策建议。[方法]采用以班为单位的整群抽样,利用SAS软件编写随机抽样程序对符合条件的所有班级进行抽样;采取自填式匿名问卷调查为主的资料收集方法。[结果]30d内男性医学生在宿舍、教学楼、行政办公楼、学校餐厅及学校商店暴露于二手烟的比率分别为72.1%、76.9%、65.7%、58.5%和68.4%。过去7d里,每天在学校室外和室内的暴露于二手烟的男性医学生分别为38.7%和27.1%。87.5%的男性医学生知道吸烟可能会引起严重的疾病,约80%左右的男性医学生对控烟的态度是积极的。男性医学生现在吸烟率为18.2%。通过调查发现接受过吸烟或二手烟危害相关内容课程培训的男性医学生与未接受相关课程的男性医学生在对二手烟危害的知识度上的差异无统计学意义。环境观察结果显示校园内各室内场所烟头数量较多。[结论]应在医学院校和医务工作场所加强控烟规定的执行力度和监督,对在校医学生开展长期的系统的烟草危害及二手烟危害教育;促进男性医学生参加到控烟行动中,以帮助更多的人远离二手烟环境,降低健康风险。
[Objective] To understand the exposure of male medical students to secondhand smoke and their cognition and attitude toward the harm of secondhand smoke, and to analyze the reasons that affect their exposure to secondhand smoke and put forward to effectively control and reduce the exposure of medical students to secondhand smoke Suggestions. [Methods] A cluster sample was taken as a unit of class. Random sampling procedures were compiled by SAS software to sample all the qualified classes. A data collection method based on self-contained anonymous questionnaire was used. [Results] The rates of exposure of male medical students to secondhand smoke in dorm, teaching building, administrative office building, school cafeteria and school store within 30 days were 72.1%, 76.9%, 65.7%, 58.5% and 68.4% respectively. In the past 7 days, 38.7% and 27.1% of male medical students were exposed to second-hand smoke daily and outdoors in schools. 87.5% of male medical students know that smoking may cause serious diseases and about 80% of male medical students are positive about tobacco control. Male medical students now smoke 18.2%. The survey found that there was no significant difference in the level of knowledge about the harm of second-hand smoke between male medical students trained in courses related to the harm of smoking or secondhand smoke and male medical students who did not receive relevant courses. Environmental observation shows that there are many cigarette butts in various indoor places on the campus. [Conclusions] The implementation of tobacco control regulations and supervision should be strengthened in medical schools and medical workplaces, and long-term and systematic harm of tobacco and education of second-hand smoke should be carried out for medical students in schools; male medical students should be encouraged to participate in tobacco control operations to help More people stay away from secondhand smoke environment and reduce their health risks.