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目的观察孕期营养干预及体重管理对妊娠结局的影响。方法 128例孕妇,随机分为试验组和对照组,各64例。对照组给予常规护理干预措施,试验组给予孕期营养干预与体重管理护理措施。对比两组护理效果。结果试验组孕早期、孕12周、孕20周的体质量指数(BMI)与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=1.09、1.05、0.95,P>0.05);试验组孕28周、孕36周、分娩时的BMI低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(t=3.93、6.19、6.02,P<0.05)。试验组孕妇妊娠期高血压、妊娠期高血糖、剖宫产、产后出血发生率均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(χ~2=6.12、5.89、6.65、4.87,P<0.05);两组孕妇的阴道助产发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.43,P>0.05)。试验组孕妇分娩的新生儿中巨大儿、低体重儿、新生儿窒息、早产儿发生率均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(χ~2=13.91、4.80、4.20、5.13,P<0.05)。结论应用孕期营养干预与体重管理护理措施可有效调节孕妇的体重,有助于自然分娩可能性的提升。
Objective To observe the effects of nutritional intervention and weight management during pregnancy on pregnancy outcome. Methods 128 pregnant women were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 64 cases each. The control group was given routine nursing interventions, and the experimental group was given nutritional intervention during pregnancy and weight management nursing measures. Compare two groups of nursing effects. Results Compared with the control group, the body mass index (BMI) in the first trimester, the first trimester and the second trimester in the experimental group were no significant difference (t = 1.09,1.05,0.95, P> 0.05) , 36 weeks pregnant, BMI at childbirth lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (t = 3.93,6.19,6.02, P <0.05). The incidence of gestational hypertension, gestational hyperglycemia, cesarean section and postpartum hemorrhage in pregnant women in the experimental group were all lower than those in the control group (χ ~ 2 = 6.12,5.89,6.65,4.87, P <0.05) There was no significant difference in the incidence of vaginal midwifery between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 0.43, P> 0.05). The incidence of macrosomia, low birth weight infants, neonatal asphyxia and premature infants in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (χ ~ 2 = 13.91, 4.80, 4.20, 5.13, P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of nutritional intervention during pregnancy and weight management nursing measures can effectively regulate the weight of pregnant women, helping to enhance the possibility of natural childbirth.