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彩陶是新石器中晚期黄河流域中上游的代表性文化因素之一,而长江上游川西高原境内所发现的彩陶向来则被认为是源自黄河流域的影响。然而,这种所谓的影响到底是经由何种途径产生的?是风格传播、彩陶贸易、或者人群迁移?本研究选取了甘肃临洮马家窑、东乡林家、武都大李家坪、临潭石门口、卓尼寺下川和四川马尔康哈休、茂县波西及营盘山八个遗址所出土的170件陶片标本进行化学元素分析,结果显示川西彩陶标本的化学成分明显与当地所出土的非彩陶标本不同,但与以高钙、高镁黏土制作的甘肃彩陶及非彩陶标本相似。此一差异表明川西地区所出土的马家窑风格彩陶可能不是产于当地,而是在人群迁移的同时持续地从北方输送进来,可能存在一定组织的彩陶贸易网络。此一研究结果为探讨该区域新石器晚期考古遗存的文化归属、其社会经济组织以及与周围考古学文化的区域互动途径等议题提供了重要讯息。
Painted pottery is one of the representative cultural factors in the middle and upper reaches of the middle and late Yellow River basin in the Neolithic Age. The pottery pottery found in the western Sichuan Plateau in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has always been considered as originating from the Yellow River basin. However, what kind of influence does this so-called influence come from? Is it the communication of style, the trade of colored pottery, or the migration of people? In this study, we selected Majiayao in Linli, Dongxiang Linjia, Lijiaping in Wudu, The chemical elemental analysis of 170 pottery specimens unearthed from Shimonoseki Shimonoseki in Sichuan Province, Malcolm Huxiu in Sichuan Province, Poseidon in Maoxian County and eight sites in Yingpanshan Mountain showed that the chemical compositions of the pottery specimens in western Sichuan were significantly different from those in the non-pottery specimens unearthed in the local area. But similar to Gansu colored pottery and non-colored pottery specimens made of high-calcium and high-magnesium clay. This difference shows that the Majiayao style pottery unearthed in western Sichuan may not be produced locally, but it is continually transported from the north as the population migrates, and there may be a certain organized pottery trade network. The results of this study provide important information for discussing the cultural ownership of the late Neolithic archaeological remains in the region, its socio-economic organization and regional interactions with surrounding archaeological cultures.