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随着全球化的发展,各国之间的文化交流越来越频繁,加速了不同文化之间的相互借鉴、融合。但是,由于各国的文化及价值观念等方面存在着一定的差异,人们在交流过程中可能会出现一定的问题。语用失误最早由英国语言学者托马斯(Tomas)在80年代提出,它指在交际中听话者一方不能正确理解说话者一方所表达的意思,从而不能做出正确的回应,表现为说话的方式不恰当,或者不符合听话者一方的表达习惯。托马斯(Tomas)将跨文化语用失误分为语言语用失误(pragmalinguistic failure),和社交语用失误(sociopragmatic failure)两种。
With the development of globalization, cultural exchanges between countries are becoming more frequent and accelerating the mutual reference and integration among different cultures. However, due to the differences in cultures and values in different countries, some problems may occur in the communication process. Pragmatic failure was first put forward by Tomas, a British linguistic theorist in the 1980s. It refers to the fact that the hearer of a communicator can not correctly understand the meaning expressed by the speaker and thus can not make the correct response. Proper, or not consistent with the habit of expression on the part of the listener. Tomas divides cross-cultural pragmatic failure into two types: pragmalinguistic failure and sociopragmatic failure.