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各国基于对转基因农产品安全性的考虑采取了谨慎又有所区别的贸易管制措施。多边环境条约《生物安全议定书》支持对转基因农产品实施贸易措施 ,WTO有关协议中的规定是贸易措施的约束条件 ,它对风险预防、科学证据充分等规定和解释与《生物安全议定书》存在差距。通过对文本和案例分析发现 ,这些约束和差距导致冲突发生。分析表明WTO争端解决机制将可能处理转基因农产品国际贸易争端 ,使实施环境贸易措施的缔约方受到压力。为有效解决转基因农产品国际贸易争端 ,需要在贸易体制中渗透环境因素 ,逐步提高多边环境条约地位 ,最终达成贸易与环境体制的平等协调共存。
Countries have adopted cautious and differentiated trade controls based on the safety of genetically modified agricultural products. Multilateral environmental treaties The Biosafety Protocol supports the implementation of trade measures on genetically modified agricultural products. The provisions in the relevant WTO agreements are binding measures for trade measures. There are gaps between the provisions and explanations on risk prevention and scientific evidence and the Biosafety Protocol. Through the text and case analysis found that these constraints and gaps lead to conflict. The analysis shows that the WTO dispute settlement mechanism will possibly deal with the international trade dispute of genetically modified agricultural products and put pressure on the contracting parties that implement environmental trade measures. In order to effectively solve the international trade dispute of genetically modified agricultural products, it is necessary to infiltrate the environmental factors into the trading system and gradually raise the status of the multilateral environmental treaties so as to finally achieve the equal and co-existence of the trade and environment systems.