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采空区上覆岩、土体对地表沉陷的耦合行为可归结为弹性理论的边值问题,由不同性状松散表土层确定的应力边界和岩、土体之间形成的位移边界构成了相应边值问题的定解条件。在已有研究成果的基础上,提出了地表下沉预测研究的边值提法,以探讨地下开采引起的地表沉陷规律。给出了采空区上覆表土层内任一点的位移和地表下沉的计算公式,确定了地表沉陷的范围,并以神东矿区大柳塔1203工作面开采引发的地表沉陷为例给出了工程实例。研究结果表明,采空区上覆岩体对地表及表土层内任一点下沉的影响取决于上部岩层破断后的结构形态;采空区上覆土体对地表下沉量的作用与土体性质及表土层厚度有关,土体对表土层下沉的影响由下而上增大,呈非线性变化,至地表达最大值;地表沉陷区域随表土层厚度的增加而增大,其影响范围远大于采空区。
The coupling behavior of overlying strata in mined-out area and soil subsidence can be attributed to the boundary value problem of elastic theory. The stress boundary defined by loose topsoil with different traits and the displacement boundary formed between the rock and soil constitute the corresponding edge Define the conditions of the problem. On the basis of the existing research results, a boundary value method of surface subsidence prediction is proposed to study the law of surface subsidence caused by underground mining. The formula of displacement and surface subsidence at any point in overlying topsoil is given. The range of surface subsidence is determined. Taking the surface subsidence caused by the mining of 1203 face of Daliuta in Shendong Mining Area as an example Project examples. The results show that the influence of overlying rock mass in mined-out area on sinking at any point in the surface and topsoil depends on the structural form after the upper rock is broken. The effect of mined-out area on the subsidence and the nature of soil And the thickness of topsoil. The influence of soil on topsoil subsidence increased from bottom to top and changed nonlinearly to the maximum value. The surface subsidence area increased with the increase of topsoil thickness, and its influence range was far In the goaf