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目的 探讨深圳市宝安区2006-2009年手足口病疫情聚集性病例的流行病学特征。方法 将深圳市宝安区2006-2009年手足口病聚集性病例资料输入Excel2003软件,运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 深圳市宝安区2006-2009年全区共出现20起手足口病聚集性病例,每起发病例数为3～15例,共报告病例140例,其中139例为轻症病例,1例为重症病例,无死亡病例。发病时间集中在4-6月份;男性多于女性;以3～4岁组发病比例最高(71.43%),发病率也最高(1.61%);90%发生在幼儿园,10%在家中;分布6个街道,其中新安街道发病起数最多(8起)。5起聚集性病例的肠道病毒检出率为94.12%,其中肠道病毒71型检出率为58.82%,柯萨奇病毒A16型检出率为35.29%。18.57%的病例初期有轻度上呼吸道感染症状,95%的病例手、足、口腔黏膜出现斑丘疹或疱疹;26.43%的病例到医院隔离治疗,73.57%的病例回家隔离治疗。结论 深圳市宝安区手足口病聚集性病例防控重点对象是学龄前幼儿,重点地点是托幼机构,重点时间是夏季,应采取综合防控措施控制疫情。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD epidemic in Baoan District of Shenzhen City from 2006 to 2009. Methods Data of aggregated cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City from 2006 to 2009 were input into Excel2003 software, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 20 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease clustered together in Baoan District of Shenzhen City from 2006 to 2009 were reported. The number of cases was 3 to 15 cases per case. A total of 140 cases were reported, of which 139 cases were mild cases and 1 case was Severe cases, no deaths. The onset time was mainly in April-June. There were more males than females. The highest incidence rate was found in children aged 3 to 4 (71.43%) and the highest incidence rate (1.61%). 90% occurred in kindergartens and 10% A street, of which Xin’an street onset count up (8). The detection rate of enterovirus in 5 cases was 94.12%. The detection rate of enterovirus 71 was 58.82% and that of Coxsackie virus A16 was 35.29%. In 18.57% of the cases, there were mild upper respiratory tract infection in the early stage, rash or herpes in the hand, foot and oral mucosa in 95% of the cases, 26.43% of cases were isolated from hospital and 73.57% of cases were separated from home. Conclusion The focus of prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City is focused on preschool children. The key point is kindergarten. The key time is summer, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to control the epidemic.