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目的了解师范类大学生艾滋病防治相关知识的知晓程度和行为现状,并对艾滋病健康教育干预前后知识、态度的改变进行比较,探讨艾滋病健康教育的有效性,为制定健康教育和行为干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法在某师范类高校抽取713名学生进行基线问卷调查,然后对所选取的调查对象通过多媒体讲座、社团志愿者宣传、校园网络、发放健康教育处方等形式进行健康教育和行为干预,再次问卷调查,比较干预前后的知识、态度等的变化。结果干预前大学生艾滋病知识知晓率为82.61%(589/713),干预后的知晓率为99.44%(709/713)(P<0.01);干预前安全套使用率为25.49%(13/51),干预后为76.47%(39/51);干预前对艾滋病感染者持同情和帮助态度的为56.66%(404/713),干预后为91.02%(649/713)。结论师范类大学生对艾滋病防治知识了解不全面,预防艾滋病的能力较低,部分大学生对艾滋病感染者持歧视态度,加强对大学生艾滋病防治知识的普及教育及行为干预刻不容缓。
Objective To understand the level of awareness and behaviors of AIDS-related knowledge in normal college students and to compare the changes of knowledge and attitudes before and after HIV / AIDS education intervention to explore the effectiveness of AIDS health education and provide a scientific basis for formulating health education and behavioral intervention strategies . Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 713 students in a normal university and then selected the respondents for their health through such forms as multimedia lectures, community volunteer publicity, campus network and health education prescriptions Education and behavior intervention, questionnaire survey again, compare the changes before and after the intervention of knowledge, attitude and so on. Results Before the intervention, the awareness rate of AIDS among college students was 82.61% (589/713), and the awareness rate after intervention was 99.44% (709/713) (P <0.01). The rate of condom use before intervention was 25.49% (13/51) 76.47% (39/51) after intervention; 56.66% (404/713) of sympathy and help attitude toward HIV infection before intervention, and 91.02% (649/713) after intervention. Conclusion Normal college students do not have a comprehensive understanding of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment and a low AIDS prevention ability. Some college students are discriminated against HIV / AIDS, and it is imperative to step up education on universal access to HIV / AIDS prevention knowledge and prevent behavioral interventions among college students.