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本文讨论了给排水工程设计中常遇的无压管渠水力计算中的几个问题。 对明渠的梯形过水断面(包括矩形过水断面)的设计,文中按水力最优条件导出了可迅速计算水深的计算式以及按不冲流速条件导出了可简化计算的简单方程组。 对无压圆管的水力计算,文中提出了“系数法”计算式,从而使计算简易、准确。对最大流量与最大流速的充满角也进行了论证。
This article discusses several issues in the hydraulic calculation of pressureless pipe channels that are often encountered in the design of water supply and drainage projects. Based on the design of the trapezoidal cross section (including the rectangular cross section) of the open channel, the calculation formula for calculating the depth of water can be derived from the optimal hydraulic conditions, and a simple equation set that can simplify the calculation is derived based on the non-impingement flow conditions. For the hydraulic calculation of pressureless pipe, the “coefficient method” formula is proposed in this paper, so that the calculation is simple and accurate. The filling angles of the maximum flow rate and the maximum flow rate were also demonstrated.