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目的 了解最近 5年住院青光眼患者的病型构成、年龄、性别、职业分布及致盲率 ,分析致盲原因 ,探讨防治措施。方法 对 1997～ 2 0 0 1年入院的青光眼患者 5 39例病历资料进行调查、统计、分析。结果 5 39例住院青光眼患者中原发性青光眼 4 2 0例 ,占 77 92 % ;继发性青光眼 87例 ,占 16 14 % ;先天性青光眼 32例 ,占 5 94 %。原发性青光眼中 ,急性闭角型青光眼 2 6 0例 ,慢性闭角型青光眼 139例 ,开角型青光眼 2 1例 ,分别占原发性青光眼 6 1 90 %、33 10 %、5 0 0 %。 5 39例患者中男 2 36例 ,女 30 3例。其中急性闭角型青光眼中女性最多 ,占急性闭角型青光眼6 5 0 0 % (16 9/ 2 6 0 )。年龄分布 :急性闭角型青光眼平均年龄 6 1 4± 10 0岁 ,慢性闭角型青光眼 5 7 3± 9 4岁 ,开角型青光眼 4 6 9± 12 4岁 ,先天性青光眼 2 1± 0 5岁。职业分布 :工人、农民 379例 ,占 74 4 6 %。致盲率 (双眼盲 )16 2 7% ,单眼盲 38 92 %。结论 近 5年青光眼患者主要是原发性闭角型青光眼 ,多为老年 ,女性偏多 ,工人、农民占70 %以上 ,视功能损伤严重 ,致盲率高。必须加强青光眼防治知识的宣传和普及 ,做到早期诊断、合理治疗
Objective To understand the constitution, age, gender, occupational distribution and blindness rate of hospitalized glaucoma patients in the recent 5 years, analyze the causes of blindness and discuss the prevention and treatment measures. Methods The data of 399 cases of glaucoma admitted to hospital from 1997 to 2001 were investigated and statistically analyzed. Results Among 399 hospitalized glaucoma patients, there were 420 cases of primary glaucoma (77.92%), 87 cases of secondary glaucoma (16.14%) and 32 cases of congenital glaucoma (594%). In primary glaucoma, 260 cases of acute angle-closure glaucoma, 139 cases of chronic angle-closure glaucoma and 21 cases of open-angle glaucoma accounted for 61 90%, 33 10% and 500% respectively of primary glaucoma %. Among 399 patients, there were 2 36 males and 303 females. Acute angle-closure glaucoma in which the largest number of women, accounting for acute angle-closure glaucoma 6500% (16 9/260). Age distribution: The average age of acute angle-closure glaucoma was 6 1 4 ± 10 0 years, chronic angle-closure glaucoma was 5 7 3 ± 9 4 years old, open-angle glaucoma was 4 6 9 ± 12 4 years old, congenital glaucoma was 2 1 ± 0 5 years old. Occupation distribution: 379 workers and peasants, accounting for 74.46%. Blindness (blindness of both eyes) 16 2 7%, blindness 38 92%. Conclusions Glaucoma in the past five years is mainly primary angle-closure glaucoma, mostly elderly, with more women, workers and peasants accounted for more than 70%, severe visual impairment, blindness rate. Glaucoma prevention and treatment must strengthen the publicity and dissemination of knowledge to achieve early diagnosis and reasonable treatment