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目的了解当前哈尔滨地区早产儿母乳中各种营养素的含量,为研制国内早产儿强化母乳提供科学依据,为更加合理喂养早产儿促进其健康成长提供科学依据。方法收集哈尔滨市四个地区62名产妇的乳汁(早产儿初乳32份、成熟乳28份;足月儿初乳及成熟乳各30份),测定乳汁中蛋白质、脂肪、钙、磷、镁、铜、铁、锌、锰的含量。结果哈尔滨地区早产儿母乳中蛋白质、磷、锌、镁在成熟乳期下降明显,铁、铜略有下降,但差异无统计学意义,脂肪、锰随泌乳期呈上升趋势,钙无明显变化。早产儿母乳在初乳及成熟乳期蛋白质含量均高于足月儿母乳,其他元素差异两者间无统计学意义。结论早产儿母乳中蛋白质、锌、脂肪含量在成熟乳阶段含量偏低,建议适当补充,注意喂养。
Objective To understand the content of various nutrients in breast milk of premature infants in Harbin and to provide a scientific basis for the development of enhanced breast milk in premature infants in Harbin and to provide a scientific basis for more reasonable feeding of premature infants to promote their healthy growth. Methods Sixty-two maternal milk samples (32 samples of colostrum, 28 samples of mature milk and 30 samples of mature milk) were collected from four districts in Harbin. Protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium , Copper, iron, zinc, manganese content. Results The protein, phosphorus, zinc and magnesium in breast milk of premature infants in Harbin decreased significantly in mature milk and decreased slightly in iron and copper, but the difference was not statistically significant. The fat and manganese showed an upward trend with lactation, with no significant changes in calcium. Preterm infant breast milk in the colostrum and mature milk protein content were higher than full-term breast milk, the other elements of the difference between the two was not statistically significant. Conclusion The content of protein, zinc and fat in preterm infant breast milk is low at the stage of mature milk. It is recommended to supplement properly and pay attention to feeding.