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为分析和探讨导致非意愿妊娠的原因,降低人工流产率,促进广大育龄妇女生殖健康提供科学依据,采用以医院为场所的描述性流行病学研究方法,1996年3月～1996年5月,在郑州市8家医院妇产科门诊,对来寻求计划生育服务的妇女采用填写调查表的方式进行调查。共调查1557例,其中行人工流产(包括手术流产和药物流产)者1099例,平均每例1.22次。流产者中38.8％是由于未采取避孕措施而致意外妊娠,61.2％为避孕失败造成的。55.6％能清楚记得避孕失败时间。通过对人流者既往避孕史的研究,发现有避孕失败史者占51.6％,其中避孕套失败最多,占37.0％;其次是安全期失败,占23.0％;宫内节育器失败居第三位,占21.0％。避孕失败妇女的年龄主要分布于性生活旺盛年龄组(21～29岁),占70.3％。结果表明导致非意愿妊娠的根本原因是避孕观念淡薄,避孕知识(包括紧急避孕知识)匮乏。建议对不同人群进行侧重点不同的有关避孕知识教育,并加强避孕药具的质量管理。
To provide a scientific basis for analyzing and discussing the causes of unwanted pregnancies, reducing the abortion rate and promoting the reproductive health of women of childbearing age in general, a descriptive epidemiological study with hospitals as the place of study was conducted. From March 1996 to May 1996, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic in 8 Hospitals in Zhengzhou City, Women Who Seek Family Planning Services Fill in Questionnaires to Investigate. A total of 1557 cases were investigated, including 1099 cases of induced abortion (including surgical abortion and medical abortion), with an average of 1.22 times per case. Of the abortions, 38.8% were due to unwanted pregnancies and 61.2% were contraceptive failures. 55.6% Can clearly remember the time of contraception failure. Through the study on the history of abortion, it was found that 51.6% of them had a history of contraception failure, of which condom failed most, accounting for 37.0%; followed by safety period failed, accounting for 23.0%; IUD failed third place, Accounting for 21.0%. The age of contraceptive failure women are mainly distributed in the sexual life age group (21-29 years old), accounting for 70.3%. The results showed that the underlying causes of unwanted pregnancies were weak contraception and lack of contraceptive knowledge (including emergency contraception). It is recommended that different groups of people be given different levels of emphasis on contraceptive knowledge education and quality control of contraceptives should be strengthened.