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目的中国目前正在经历老年人口与交通车辆的同时快速增长。随着人口的老龄化加剧以及社会的发展,老年驾驶者人数将预期明显增加。国际上对老年人交通安全的经验可能对中国即将增加的老年驾驶者有借鉴作用。方法检索并分析了中国以及一些发达国家,如美国等有关老年驾驶者以及交通事故安全的论文及论著。结果尽管老年人较少开车且普遍地使用安全带,但他们交通事故发生数以及死亡率较其他年龄组高。老年人视觉以及感知功能的损害也增加了发生交通事故的危险性,同时也产生了其独特的事故形式。与年轻人相比,在相同的受伤程度下,老年人体格上的衰退和疾病因素可能对会产生更坏的结果。虽然老年驾驶者在中国还是少数,与其他年龄组相比,老年人有较高的交通事故伤害率、步行者死亡率和较高的农村老年人受害率。结论国际上对老年人交通安全的经验,比如更好的道路安全设计,高可视安全标识和安全带法律的实施,安全带使用的公共教育,以及老年驾驶证的更新等对中国的交通安全设计者以及法律的制定者可能会有帮助。这些经验对损伤预防研究者在老年人交通事故危险因素的识别方面,以及对工程师在驾驶环境和车辆设计等方面也有着重要的意义。
Objectives China is experiencing rapid growth while aging population and transport vehicles. With the aging of the population and social development, the number of elderly drivers will be expected to increase significantly. The international experience of traffic safety for the elderly may serve as a reference for the elderly drivers who are about to increase in China. Methods Retrieval and analysis of papers and treatises on the safety of elderly drivers and traffic accidents in China and some developed countries such as the United States. As a result, although older people were less likely to drive a car and use seat belts generally, their numbers of traffic accidents and their death rates were higher than those of other age groups. The visual and cognitive impairments of the elderly also increase the risk of traffic accidents and also produce their unique forms of accidents. Compared with young people, the physical deterioration and disease factors in the elderly may have worse consequences for the same degree of injury. Although older drivers are still a minority in China, older people have a higher incidence of traffic injuries, pedestrian deaths and higher rates of rural elderly victims than other age groups. Conclusion The international experience of traffic safety for the elderly, such as better road safety design, enforcement of high visibility safety signs and seat belt laws, public education on the use of seat belts, and renewal of elderly driving permits, Designers and lawmakers may be helpful. These experiences have important implications for injury prevention researchers in identifying risk factors for traffic accidents in the elderly and for engineers in the driving environment and vehicle design.