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目的探讨某高校教职工恶性肿瘤的患病与构成情况,为肿瘤的预防与控制提供依据。方法回顾性调查某高校2005—2010年173例教职工新发恶性肿瘤的病史资料,统计分析恶性肿瘤的发病率、发病年龄与时间趋势、肿瘤的构成与患病因素。结果该高校教职工近6年来恶性肿瘤的发病率呈上升趋势,肠癌的发病率逐年增高。男性恶性肿瘤的发病率高于女性,前5位恶性肿瘤依次为:肠癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、胃癌、乳腺癌,肿瘤的发病谱基本兼具发达国家和发展中国家癌谱特征。人口老龄化、精神压力大、不良生活方式等是肿瘤的易患因素。结论应在教职工中积极开展肿瘤预防的健康教育和对高发肿瘤危险因素的干预,进一步提高教职工的自我保健意识和能力,加强对肠癌和肺癌的防控。
Objective To explore the prevalence and composition of malignant tumors among faculty and staff in a university and to provide the basis for the prevention and control of tumors. Methods A retrospective survey of medical records of 173 new cases of malignant tumors in faculty from 2005 to 2010 in a university was conducted. The incidence of malignant tumors, the age and time of onset, the composition and prevalence of tumors were statistically analyzed. Results The incidence of malignant tumors in the faculty has risen in recent 6 years, and the incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing year by year. The incidence of malignant tumors in males is higher than that in females. The top five malignant tumors are as follows: intestinal cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, and the incidence of cancer basically have the characteristics of cancer in developed and developing countries. Aging population, mental stress, unhealthy lifestyles and other cancer risk factors. Conclusions The health education on cancer prevention and the intervention of risk factors for high-risk cancer should be actively carried out among faculty and staff to further improve the self-care awareness and ability of faculty and staff and strengthen the prevention and control of intestinal cancer and lung cancer.