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无导叶对转涡轮是高性能发动机的关键技术之一。本文采用试验方法对1+3/2级对转涡轮进行了气动性能研究。本试验分为3个阶段,第1阶段为单独高压涡轮(HPT)试验,第2阶段为加大HPT和低压涡轮(LPT)间轴向间距联合试验,第3阶段为HPT和LPT间正常轴向间距联合试验。在正常轴向间距HPT和LPT试验中,LPT状态的确定通过利用单独HPT试验获得的效率与压比特性反推获得。试验表明,HPT喉道面积减小,而LPT喉道面积增大,这导致在总膨胀比一定情况下,HPT膨胀比增大,LPT膨胀比下降,同时LPT的存在对HPT特性影响不大。在总膨胀比分配中,HPT膨胀比变化很小,而LPT膨胀比变化范围较宽。涡轮级总效率由HPT决定,LPT轮一般相对较低,加大HPT和LPT间轴向间距对LPT性能影响很小。
The guide vane counter-rotating turbine is one of the key technologies for high-performance engines. In this paper, the aerodynamic performance of 1 + 3/2 counter-rotating turbomachine is studied by the test method. The test is divided into three phases, the first one is the HPT test, the second one is to increase the axial distance between HPT and LPT, the third one is the normal axis between HPT and LPT Pitch to the joint test. In the normal axial pitch HPT and LPT tests, the determination of the LPT state was obtained by back-scaling the efficiency and pressure ratio characteristics obtained using a separate HPT test. The results show that the throat area of HPT decreases and the throat area of LPT increases, which leads to the increase of HPT expansion ratio and the decrease of LPT expansion ratio under the condition of total expansion ratio. Meanwhile, the LPT has little effect on HPT characteristics. In the total expansion ratio distribution, HPT expansion ratio changes very little, and LPT expansion ratio wide range. The overall efficiency of the turbine stage is determined by HPT, with LPT wheels generally relatively low. Increasing the axial spacing between HPT and LPT has little effect on LPT performance.