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为准确测定复合材料界面结构的尺寸与性能,提出一种原位峰值力纳米力学模量成像(PF-QNM)技术,对其测试原理、校准方法和适用性进行分析,并采用PF-QNM技术对碳纤维/聚醚醚酮(T300/PEEK)、碳纤维/聚醚砜(T300/PES)和碳纤维/环氧树脂(T700/TR1219B)三种复合材料的界面尺寸和各组分原位模量进行测试。结果标明:该方法的横向分辨率可以达到纳米尺度,测得树脂、界面、纤维区域的弹性模量数值呈梯度上升趋势,区分度明显,T300/PEEK、T300/PES和T700/TR1219B复合材料界面厚度分别为(69.3±7.9)nm、(101.3±10.2)nm和(48.4±5.4)nm。实验范围内,热固性复合材料界面厚度小于热塑性复合材料。对模量成像图统计分析可得,T300/PEEK、T300/PES和T700/TR1219B复合材料的树脂区平均弹性模量分别为4.36 GPa、4.96 GPa和3.59GPa,与其宏观弹性模量数值较为接近。
In order to accurately measure the size and properties of the interfacial structure of composites, an in-situ peak force nanomechanical modulus imaging (PF-QNM) technique is proposed. Its testing principle, calibration method and applicability are analyzed. The PF-QNM technique The interfacial dimension and in-situ modulus of each component of three composites of carbon fiber / polyetheretherketone (T300 / PEEK), carbon fiber / polyethersulfone (T300 / PES) and carbon fiber / epoxy resin (T700 / TR1219B) test. The results show that the lateral resolution of this method can reach the nanometer scale. The elastic modulus values of the resin, interface and fiber region show a gradient upward trend with obvious discrimination. The T300 / PEEK, T300 / PES and T700 / TR1219B composites interface The thicknesses were (69.3 ± 7.9) nm, (101.3 ± 10.2) nm and (48.4 ± 5.4) nm, respectively. Within the experimental range, the thickness of the thermosetting composite interface is less than that of the thermoplastic composite. According to the statistical analysis of modulus imaging, the average elastic moduli of resin zone of T300 / PEEK, T300 / PES and T700 / TR1219B composites are 4.36 GPa, 4.96 GPa and 3.59 GPa respectively, which are close to their macro elastic modulus values.