通过对凝固微观组织的模拟,能很好地预测材料的性能,对实际应用具有重要意义。对微观组织模拟中的3个主要模型(确定性模型、随机性模型和相场模型)及它们的应用现状进行了阐述,并分析了它们的优缺点。随着计算机技术的发展,新的计算模型的出现将使金属凝固微观组织的数值模拟向着高精度、高效率和高速度的方向发展。 Through the simulation of the solidified microstructure, it can predict the properties of the material well, which is of great significance for practical application. The three main models (deterministic model, stochastic model and phase-field model) in microstructure simulation and their application status are described, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. With the development of computer technology, the advent of new computational models will allow the numerical simulation of metal solidification microstructure to develop towards high precision, high efficiency and high speed.