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[目的]总结中国控烟干预存在的优点与不足,提出中国控烟存在的问题和未来的研究方向,为今后的控烟工作提供借鉴和参考。[方法]通过关键词检索方法,在中国知网CNKI(中国期刊全文数据库)和Pub Med数据库中检索所有2006—2015年间发表的关于中国人群控烟干预中英文文献。[结果]获得符合标准的中文控烟/实践干预文献72篇,英文控烟/实践干预文献13篇。近年来控烟干预研究呈现增长趋势,但涉及内容相对单一,研究所在地也多集中在经济较为发达的城市和地区,目前尚未有涉及偏远地区以及少数民族人群的研究。所有干预以短期干预为主,长期的效果很少有研究涉及。同时,对于控烟能力建设的干预和评估比较少,难以保证持久性的控烟效果。在干预研究中,有相当大比例的研究为政策效果评估,以及国内现有戒烟药的效果评估。[结论]目前控烟干预和实践内容相对单一,并呈现地区发展不平衡性,缺少真正创新性和自主性的干预研究。
[Objective] To summarize the advantages and disadvantages of tobacco control interventions in China, put forward the problems existing in tobacco control and future research directions in China, and provide references for future tobacco control work. [Methods] The Chinese and English literature on tobacco control interventions published between 2006 and 2015 in Chinese CNKI (Chinese Journal Full-text Database) and Pub Med database were searched by keyword search method. [Results] 72 Chinese literatures of tobacco control / practice intervention were obtained and 13 articles of English tobacco control / practice intervention were obtained. In recent years, the research on tobacco control intervention shows an increasing trend, but the content is relatively single. Research institutes are also mostly concentrated in economically developed cities and regions. There are currently no studies involving people in remote areas and ethnic minorities. All interventions are dominated by short-term interventions, and few studies have reported long-term effects. At the same time, there are few interventions and assessments on capacity building for tobacco control and it is difficult to guarantee lasting tobacco control effects. In intervention studies, a significant proportion of studies evaluate the effectiveness of policies and the effectiveness of existing smoking cessation medications in the country. [Conclusion] At present, the tobacco control interventions and practices are relatively single, showing the unbalanced development in the region and the lack of a truly innovative and autonomous intervention study.