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恶性胸膜间皮瘤 (malignant pleural mesotheliom a,MPM)是一种少见的肿瘤 ,近年来发病率逐渐上升 ,由于诊断和治疗均较困难 ,所以迫切需要建立实验模型进行研究。通过对模型的种类、制作方法和各种模型的特点进行综述 ,归纳出其用途。 MPM动物模型是临床研究最常用的实验模型 ,多用大鼠或裸鼠 ,以诱发性动物模型和异种移植模型较成熟。目前各种模型均存在一些缺点 ,或周期长、出瘤率低或与人差异较大等 ,离理想的模型仍有一定的距离。但随着分子生物学和分子遗传学的发展 ,利用基因或其它途径减少或消除大动物的个体差异 ,同时提高实验动物产量 ;研究裸鼠的繁殖、饲养规律 ,寻找廉价、饲养方便、体大、生命力强的裸鼠 ,以及对 MPM转基因动物模型的研究 ,将有希望获得多种满足不同需要的理想 MPM实验模型。
Malignant pleural mesotheliom (MPM) is a rare tumor. The incidence of MPM has been gradually increasing in recent years. Due to the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment, it is urgent to establish experimental models. Through the type of the model, the method of making and the characteristics of various models are summarized, and its use is summarized. MPM animal model is the most commonly used experimental model of clinical research, more rats or nude mice, induced animal models and xenograft models more mature. At present, there are some shortcomings of various models, or long cycle, low rate of tumor or large differences with others, from the ideal model is still a certain distance. However, with the development of molecular biology and molecular genetics, the use of genes or other means to reduce or eliminate the individual differences in large animals, while improving the production of experimental animals; study nude mice reproduction, breeding law, looking for cheap, easy to raise, large , Viable nude mice, and research on animal models of MPM transgenic animals, there is hope for a variety of ideal MPM experimental models that meet different needs.