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詹姆斯·乔伊斯和托马斯·曼在他们早期的文学生涯中都探索过艺术的本质及艺术与生活之间关系的文学命题。两位作家都处于现代社会这样一个混乱的时代,他们都把艺术放在与伦理相对立的位置,并企图把艺术从刻板和空虚的社会中拯救出来。但是相较而言,乔伊斯的艺术更加倾向于真理,他的艺术是和普遍真理相通的。而托马斯·曼则把艺术和美,特别是物理上的美联系一起。这种物理美在乔伊斯那里反而成了不正当的艺术。两个人在艺术观的不同可以从四个方面表现出,分别是艺术的本质,艺术与伦理,艺术与性,以及艺术的功能。通过四方面的对比可以挖掘出何为艺术以及如何解决艺术与生活之间的矛盾等命题。
James Joyce and Thomas Mann both explored the literary proposition of the nature of art and the relationship between art and life in their early literary career. Both writers are in such a messy era of modern society that they place art opposite their ethics and are trying to save the arts from a stereotyped and empty society. But in comparison, Joyce’s art is more inclined to the truth, his art is connected with the universal truth. And Thomas Man put art together with beauty, especially the physical beauty. This physical beauty in Joyce instead has become an improper art. The difference between two people in the view of art can be manifested in four aspects: the essence of art, art and ethics, art and sex, and the function of art. Through four aspects of comparison can dig out what is the art and how to solve the contradiction between art and life and other propositions.