一、港口业发展回顾与主要成就(一)5个发展阶段第一阶段:中国港口发展的第一个时期是建国初期的20世纪50～70年代初。这一阶段港口的发展主要是以技术改造、恢复利用为主,交通运输主要依靠铁路和公路,海运事业发展缓慢。全国港口完成生产资料所有制改造,建立了“集中统一、分级 I. Review of Harbor Industry Development and Main Achievements (I) Five stages of development The first stage: The first stage of the development of China’s ports was from the early 1950s to the early 1970s in the early 1950s. At this stage, the development of the port mainly relies on technological transformation and utilization, with transportation mainly relying on railways and highways, and the shipping industry has been developing slowly. The port nationwide completed the transformation of the ownership of the means of production and established a “unified, hierarchical.”