《档案著录规则》(以下简称《规则》)已提供了文件级和案卷级两种著录格式的通用模式。如何运用统一的著录格式去组织条目,还有个合理地选择著录单元的问题。著录单元选择得是否科学合理,关系到检索体系的质量和著录工作的实际成效。 案卷级和文件级两种著录格式,其项目基本是相同的,个别的也有一定差异。由于《规则》对具有基本检索功能的必要项目强调高度统一,对选择项目则留有机动处理余地,可以作符合实际的改动。因此,在具体实施过程中,两种格式可以相互兼容。 所谓著录单元,也称检索单位,它是指为满足提问和查找要求而设置的最基本的档案集合,是与检索条目所对应的档案材料的具体表现。由于立卷原则和方法的错综复杂,一些从合理利用案卷出发而组成的分解卷(即一套材料组成多个保管单位)或组合卷(几宗档案材料合订在一卷中),如果再将著录单元分解到组成案卷的基本单元——即单份的文件,不仅成倍地增加了著录量,且造成某些著录条目的平行重复。组卷过程的差异性,检索要求的实用性,决定了著录单元的选择应具有多样性。生硬地规定每个案卷或单份文件著录一个条目,在许多情况下并不合适。在著录的实践中,人们从建立检索体系的总体功能和总体布局出发,在既保证著录条目有一定的信息含量,又简化著录 The Rules for Bibliographic Records (“Rules”) have provided a common model for both bibliographic and bibliographic levels. How to use a unified description format to organize entries, there is a reasonable choice of recording unit problem. The selection of bibliographic units is scientific and reasonable, and relates to the quality of the retrieval system and the actual results of the bibliographic work. Case file and file level two kinds of format, the project is basically the same, there are some differences. As the Rules emphasize a high degree of uniformity in the essential items that have basic search functions and leave room for maneuvering of options, practical changes can be made. Therefore, during the implementation process, the two formats can be compatible with each other. The so-called record unit, also known as the search unit, it refers to meet the query and find the requirements and set the most basic set of files, and retrieval entries corresponding to the specific performance of the file. Due to the intricacies and complexities of the roll-forming principles and methods, some of the decomposing volumes (ie, one set of materials forming a plurality of custodian units) or a combination roll (some of which are bound together in a roll) The breakdown of the bibliographic unit into the basic unit making up the dossier - that is, a single copy of the document - has not only exponentially increased the number of bibliographic records but also caused parallel repetitions of some bibliographic entries. The difference between the process of group formation and the practicality of the retrieval requirements determine that the selection of the bibliographic units should be diversified. It is not appropriate in many cases to impose an entry on a case-by-case basis or in a single document. In the practice of bibliography, starting from the overall function and overall layout of the establishment of a search system, people not only ensure that the recorded items have certain information content but also simplify the records