公共卫生事业的含意十分广泛,它包括了预防保健工作和科学管理工作等多个部分。随着社会的不断进步,生产不断发展,其内容和研究的手段和方法在不断的发展和变化。例如,随着人类对疾病的认识的提高,人民物质、文化生活水平的改善,人类的疾病谱也在不断地发生改变,急性传染病的发病率和死亡率逐渐下降,一些危害人民生命安全的严重疾病,如恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、代谢性疾病的地位逐渐成为主要研究和防治对象;工业的发展,带来了环境污染和生态平衡的破坏,又给我们的工作提出了新的课题;人们逐渐认识到保护健康不单纯是增加抵抗力和抵御微生物、病毒的侵入,而是应当做到生理的、心理的、社会的几方面的平衡。因此,社会经济因素、 The meaning of the public health undertaking is very extensive. It includes many parts such as preventive health care work and scientific management work. With the continuous progress of society, the continuous development of production, its content and methods of research and methods in the continuous development and changes. For example, with the improvement of human understanding of disease and the improvement of people’s material and cultural living standards, the spectrum of human diseases is constantly changing. The incidence and mortality rate of acute infectious diseases are gradually declining, and some endanger the lives of people. Severe diseases, such as malignant tumors, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic diseases, have gradually become the main targets of research and prevention; the development of industry has brought about environmental pollution and ecological balance destruction, and it has raised new issues for our work. People gradually realize that protecting health is not simply increasing resistance and resisting the intrusion of microorganisms and viruses, but it should achieve a balance between physical, psychological, and social aspects. So, socioeconomic factors,