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以郁金香品种‘Golden Apeldoorn’和‘Red Impression’周径8~10cm的鳞茎为试材,研究了常温(10~18℃)、5℃、0℃和-12℃不同温度处理0、4、8、12、13周对郁金香鳞茎混合样的水分、可溶性糖、淀粉含量的影响,并在实体显微镜下观察相应温度的芽体发育,探讨温度处理对碳水化合物代谢和芽体发育的影响。结果表明:各温度处理鳞茎的总含水量和淀粉含量随处理时间的延长而降低,可溶性糖含量增加,各温度处理下的淀粉和可溶性糖含量变化呈显著或极显著负相关(‘Golden Apeldoorn’-12℃处理除外);由各温度处理下中心芽高度/鳞茎高度比值可知,2个品种的中心芽均在8~12周生长最快,其中0℃和5℃处理下中心芽发育最快。‘Golden Apeldoorn’0℃处理13周后的出芽率最高,达到92%,‘Red Impression’5℃处理13周后的出芽率最高,达到72%,二者明显高于其它温度处理,分别是2个品种切花促成栽培的最佳鳞茎处理温度。
The bulb diameter of 8 ~ 10cm in tulip variety ’Golden Apeldoorn’ and ’Red Impression’ was used as experimental material to study the effects of different temperature treatments at normal temperature (10 ~ 18 ℃), 5 ℃, 0 ℃ and -12 ℃ , 12 and 13 weeks on the contents of water, soluble sugar and starch in bulb-like hybrid tulips. The development of buds at different temperatures was observed under the microscope. The effects of temperature treatment on the carbohydrate metabolism and the development of buds were investigated. The results showed that the total water content and starch content decreased with the prolongation of treatment time and the content of soluble sugar increased with the increase of temperature. The changes of starch and soluble sugar content under each temperature treatment showed significant or extremely significant negative correlation (’Golden Apeldoorn’ -12 ℃, respectively). From the central bud height / bulb height ratio, the central buds of the two cultivars grew fastest at 8 ~ 12 weeks, of which the central buds developed the fastest at 0 ℃ and 5 ℃ . Golden Apeldoorn had the highest germination rate at 92% after 13 weeks of treatment, and the highest rate of emergence at 13 weeks after treated with ’Red Impression’ at 5 ° C was 72%, both of which were significantly higher than those of other treatments The best varieties of cultivars cut flowers to promote bulb processing temperature.