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2014年秋季对全国14个典型潮间带沉积物间隙水与上覆水中不同形态氮的空间分布特征进行了调查,结合沉积物粒度、人类活动等影响因素对其主要影响因子进行了研究。结果表明:间隙水中氮的浓度均受到周边人类活动的影响,流域氮输入是导致河口区间隙水氮浓度高于非河口区的原因之一。不同粒径沉积物对氮的保持能力也是影响其浓度的重要因素。在河口区,人口密度、农田面积和污水排放量对间隙水中DIN浓度有一定影响,海水养殖面积对间隙水中DON浓度有重要影响。其中大辽河口、九龙江口和珠江口潮间带间隙水主要受人口密度的影响,大沽河口主要受人口密度和农田面积的影响,闽江口主要受人口密度和污水排放量的影响,黄河口主要受海水养殖的影响。在非河口区,污水排放量对潮间带间隙水中DON影响显著,由于非河口区养殖降低了氮营养盐尤其是硝酸盐浓度,海水养殖面积和种类对DIN的浓度和结构有明显影响。其中苏北浅滩间隙水中氮主要受污水排放的影响,北戴河沙滩、四十里湾和英罗湾均受海水养殖的影响。
In the autumn of 2014, the spatial distribution characteristics of different forms of nitrogen in the interstitial water and overlying water of sediment in 14 typical intertidal areas of China were investigated. The main influencing factors of sediment particle size and human activity were studied. The results showed that the concentration of nitrogen in interstitial water was affected by the surrounding human activities. The nitrogen input in the watershed was one of the reasons leading to the higher concentration of nitrogen in interstitial water than that in non-estuary. The retention of nitrogen on sediments of different particle sizes is also an important factor affecting the concentration. In estuarine area, population density, farmland area and sewage discharge have a certain impact on DIN concentration in interstitial water, and mariculture area has an important influence on DON concentration in interstitial water. The inter-intertidal gap water in the Liaohe River estuary, the Jiulongjiang estuary and the Pearl River estuary is mainly affected by the population density. The Dagu River estuary is mainly affected by the population density and farmland area. The Minjiang estuary is mainly affected by population density and sewage discharge. Mouth mainly affected by mariculture. In non-estuarine areas, the discharge of sewage had a significant effect on DON in inter-intertidal interstitial water. Because non-estuarine aquaculture reduced nitrogen nutrient concentration, especially nitrate concentration, the area and species of aquaculture had a significant effect on DIN concentration and structure. Among them, the nitrogen in interstitial water in the littoral of northern Jiangsu is mainly affected by the discharge of sewage. Beidaihe Beach, Sishili Bay and Yingluo Bay are all affected by mariculture.