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目的:探索过度训练对大鼠骨骼肌肌球蛋白重链(MHC)亚型基因表达的影响,为进一步研究其蛋白水平及基因水平的变化机制提供依据。方法:将雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组:A、安静对照组(Control,n=10),B、过度训练组(Over-training,OT,n=10)。过度训练组:进行持续性大运动量跑台力竭训练8周,两组均于安静状态下宰杀,迅速选取股外侧肌样本液氮保存。用实时荧光-PCR法,测定骨骼肌MHC I,IIa,IIx,IIb四种亚型的mRNA基因表达。结果:过度训练组MHC I mRNA及MHC IIb mRNA明显高于安静对照组(P<0.05);MHC IIa mRNA及MHC IIx mRNA两组与对照无明显差异(P>0.05)。另一方面,MHC各亚型所占百分比亦有相应的变化,即训练组MHC I和MHC IIb mRNA百分比较对照组显著增加,而MHC IIa和MHC IIx mRNA百分比则略有下降。由于慢I型比例很小,从快II亚型来看,可见“由快变慢”的变化趋势。提示本运动模型下,各亚型的变化并不一致,具有选择性。这就为下一步研究成肌调节因子的调节机制提供了依据。
Objective: To explore the effect of over-training on the gene expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) in rat skeletal muscle, and to provide basis for further study of its protein level and gene level. Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: A, control group (Control, n = 10), B, over-training (OT, n = 10). Overexertion group: After continuous large-volume exercise treadmill exhaustive training for 8 weeks, both groups were slaughtered in quiet state, and the samples of lateral femoral muscle were quickly selected for liquid nitrogen preservation. The mRNA expression of MHC I, IIa, IIx, and IIb in skeletal muscle was determined by real-time fluorescence-PCR. Results: The levels of MHC I mRNA and MHC IIb mRNA in over-training group were significantly higher than those in quiet control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between MHC IIa mRNA and MHC IIx mRNA in control group and control group (P> 0.05). On the other hand, the percentages of MHC subtypes also changed correspondingly, that is, the percentage of MHC I and MHC IIb mRNA in the training group increased significantly compared with the control group, while the percentage of MHC IIa and MHC IIx mRNA decreased slightly. Due to the slow proportion of type I is very small, fast II subtype, we can see “from fast to slow ” trend. Tip of this model, the subtypes of the changes are inconsistent, selective. This provides the basis for the next study on the regulatory mechanism of myotonic regulators.