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学术界对可能补语标记“了”的来源和语法化机制的研究存在种种不足。本文对正定方言可能补语标记“了[·lou]”的形成过程的考察发现,“了1”的表完成体的变体“了[·lou]”(可用于非现实情态)分布范围从主句扩展到连动式和复句,在连动句和复句中述语为动结式时,“了”既可出现在宾语前,也可出现在宾语后。在假设条件句前件中,“了[·lou]”偏好出现在句末,且句子有时存在假设和能性的歧义。我们认为这正是可能补语标记“了[·lou]”发生语法化的环境,可能补语标记“了”并非源于“了1”这个功能多样的成分整体,而是源于“了1”的一个变体。
There are some deficiencies in the study of the origin and grammaticalization mechanism of possible complements in the academic circles. This paper examines the formation process of possible complements of positive definite dialects, and finds that the variant of the table completion body of “1 ” is a variant of the table completion body “[lou] ” Modality) extends from the main clause to the compound and complex sentences. When the quotation sentences are complex, the “” can appear before the object or after the object. In the hypothetical conditional antecedent, the “[lou]” preference appears at the end of a sentence, and the sentence sometimes contains ambiguities in assumptions and abilities. We think this is precisely the possible complement of the grammar. The possible grammaticalization of the grammar is that the complement may not originate from the functionally diverse component of “1”, but rather from the source A variation on “a1 ”.