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有机氯农药曾在世界范围内被广泛用于农业害虫的防治,为利用表面活性剂增效修复技术去除环境中的有机氯农药污染,研究了3种非离子表面活性剂(Tween 80、Tween 20和Triton X-100)对4种典型有机氯农药(4,4’-DDT、狄氏剂、艾氏剂和七氯)在水相中的增溶作用,对白腐菌Phlebia acanthocystis TMIC34875生长的影响以及对该菌株、胞外及胞内酶降解有机氯农药的强化效果.增溶试验结果表明,3种非离子表面活性剂可明显增加各有机氯农药的水溶解度,其增溶能力大小顺序为Tween 80>Tween 20>Triton X-100.Tween 80在低浓度(0.05、0.1和0.2 gL-1)下会促进白腐菌在PDB培养基中的生长,使其生物量增加;而高浓度(0.5和1.0 gL-1)的Tween 80则对菌株的生长产生一定的抑制作用.在0.05-0.5 g L-1浓度范围内,Tween 80可强化菌株对有机氯农药的降解效果,且降解率随着Tween 80浓度的增加而增加.降解强化效果在Tween 80浓度为0.5 gL-1时达到最佳,4,4’-DDT、狄氏剂、艾氏剂和七氯的降解率相比对照分别提高了6.70%、6.37%、10.94%和7.21%.Tween 80同样可促进胞内酶和胞外酶对4种有机氯农药的降解,尤其是对胞外酶降解的强化作用,在1.0 gL-1的Tween 80溶液中,有机氯农药的降解率提高了10%左右.可见,在农药污染环境的生物修复技术中,应用Tween 80等非离子表面活性剂来提高修复效率是可行的.
Organochlorine pesticides have been widely used in the prevention and control of agricultural pests in the world. In order to remove organochlorine pesticide pollution in the environment by surfactant synergistic repair technology, three kinds of nonionic surfactants (Tween 80, Tween 20 And Triton X-100) on the solubilization of four typical organochlorine pesticides (4,4’-DDT, dieldrin, aldrin and heptanol) in the aqueous phase on the growth of white-rot fungi Phlebia acanthocystis TMIC34875 As well as the enhancement effect of organochlorine pesticides on the strains, extracellular and intracellular enzymes.The solubilization test results show that the three kinds of non-ionic surfactants can significantly increase the water solubility of each organochlorine pesticide, the order of its solubilization capacity is Tween 80> Tween 20> Triton X-100.Tween 80 promoted the growth of white rot fungi in PDB medium at low concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 gL-1) 0.5 and 1.0 gL-1) could inhibit the growth of the strains, Tween 80 enhanced the degradation of organochlorine pesticides in the concentration range of 0.05-0.5 g L-1, and the degradation rate Increasing the concentration of Tween 80. Degradation enhancing effect in Tween 80 The degradation rate of 4,4’-DDT, dieldrin, aldrin and heptachlor were improved by 6.70%, 6.37%, 10.94% and 7.21% respectively when the degree was 0.5 gL-1. 80 can also promote the degradation of four kinds of organochlorine pesticides by the intracellular and extracellular enzymes, especially the enhancement of the extracellular enzyme degradation. In the 1.0 gL-1 Tween 80 solution, the degradation rate of organochlorine pesticides is increased 10% or so.It can be seen that in the bioremediation of pesticide-contaminated environment, it is feasible to use Tween 80 and other non-ionic surfactants to improve the efficiency of repair.