本文主要从分析我国铁路旅客运输的特点，问题着手，寻求缓和及根本解决客运能力紧张的对策。主要对策是：及时提高客运运价，搞好计划运输，开展站、车“五好”活动；继续优化旅客列车开行方案；采取高档次的扩能措施，根本解决旅客运输能力不足问题。 This article mainly analyzes the characteristics and problems of China’s passenger transport of railways, and seeks to mitigate and fundamentally solve the tense measures of passenger capacity. The main countermeasures are as follows: timely increase the freight rate of passenger transport, do a good job of planned transportation, carry out “Five Good” activities of stations and vehicles; continue to optimize the program of opening passenger trains; and adopt high-end capacity expansion measures to solve the problem of insufficient passenger transport capacity at all.