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田间条件下,探讨NPK肥对不同基因型大豆群体时空分布特征及产量的影响。结果表明:随着生育进程的推进,植株叶面积指数、地上部生物产量呈单峰曲线变化规律,叶面积指数峰值出现在出苗后的第8周;而辽豆14和辽豆21地上部生物产量峰值分别出现在出苗后的第12周和第14周。NPK肥提高了叶面积指数平均值。随着植株的不断生长,相对生长速率值变小。大豆茎主要分布于植株下部,叶片主要分布于中上部,叶柄、荚皮和籽粒主要分布于中间部位。植株冠层中部的叶绿素值高于上层和下层,辽豆21叶绿素平均值优于辽豆14,但叶绿素总和却低于辽豆14,NPK肥提高了叶绿素平均值及总和。叶面积累计指数LAIF与透光率倒数的对数ln(IO/IF)间呈显著正相关。基因型和肥料显著影响大豆产量,NPK肥提高了两品种的产量,但辽豆21产量提高得更多。NPK肥也提高了植株的株高、主茎节数、节间长度。无论何种供肥水平,辽豆14的产量显著高于辽豆21,且辽豆14的株高更低、节数更多、节间长度更短。
Under field conditions, the effects of NPK fertilizers on the spatiotemporal distribution and yield of different soybean genotypes were studied. The results showed that with the progress of fertility, the leaf area index and aboveground biomass yield showed single peak curve, and the peak of leaf area index appeared at the 8th week after emergence. However, the top biomass of Liao bean 14 and Liaodou 21 The peak of output occurred at the 12th week and the 14th week after the emergence respectively. NPK fertilizer increased the average leaf area index. As plants continue to grow, the relative growth rate decreases. Soybean stems are mainly distributed in the lower part of the plant, the leaves are mainly distributed in the upper part, petiole, pods and grains are mainly distributed in the middle part. The chlorophyll value in the middle part of the canopy was higher than that in the upper and lower layers. The average chlorophyll content in Liaodou 21 was better than that in Liaodou 14, but the total chlorophyll content was lower than that in Liaodou 14. NPK fertilizer increased the mean and total chlorophyll content. The leaf area cumulative index LAIF was positively correlated with the logarithm ln (IO / IF) of the transmissivity reciprocal. Genotype and fertilizer significantly affected soybean yield, NPK fertilizer increased the yield of two varieties, but the output of Liaodou 21 increased more. NPK fertilizer also increased the plant height, number of main stems, internode length. Regardless of the level of fertilizer supplied, the yield of Liao Dou 14 was significantly higher than that of Liao Dou 21, and the plant height of Liao Dou 14 was lower, the number of segments was more, and the internode length was shorter.