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通过混合不同遗传标记花粉授粉法 ,探讨玉米杂交当代籽粒优势和高油玉米油分直感效应。对普通自交系与高油自交系和普通杂交种与高油杂交种 2套材料的试验结果表明 ,杂交当代籽粒均存在杂种优势 ,杂交籽粒重增加幅度因组合而异。自交系间杂交籽粒重比母本自交粒平均增加约 10 % ,杂交种再杂交粒重平均增加 2 .97%～ 4 .6 8% ,自交系和单交种的同一母本分别与普通玉米杂交和高油玉米杂交 ,杂交籽粒百粒重平均相差 0 .5g,杂交籽粒含油量均增加。普通玉米间杂交籽粒含油量增加有超亲现象 ,普通玉米做母本和高油玉米杂交 ,籽粒含油量增加 ,但无超亲现象 ,是高油玉米油分基因花粉直感效应所致。估计出杂交当代玉米含油量的花粉直感效应值为 0 .35
The pollen pollination method with different genetic markers was used to investigate the current grain heterosis and the direct effect of high-oil corn oil. The results of two sets of experiments on common inbred lines, high oil inbred lines, common hybrids and high oil hybrids showed that there existed heterosis in hybrids. The increase of hybrid kernels varied with the combinations. The average grain weight of hybrid inbred lines increased about 10% more than that of female parental lines, and the average number of hybrids increased by 2.97% -4.68% Hybrids with ordinary corn and high-oil corn hybrids, 100-grain average weight difference of 0.5 g, oil content of hybrid seeds increased. The increase of oil content in common maize hybrids had the phenomenon of super-progeny. Normal maize hybridized with high-oil maize. The grain oil content increased, but no super-progeny phenomenon was caused by the direct effect of pollen of high oil corn oil gene. The pollen direct effect estimate of hybrid contemporary corn oil content was 0.35