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目的调查分析坝上和接坝地区居民缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机法抽取河北省承德市丰宁县坝上地区和接坝地区常住居民3 300例,共发放3 300份问卷调查表,回收3 170份,回收率为96.06%。其中有缺血性脑卒中者215例(病例组),无缺血性脑卒中者2 955例(对照组)。回顾性分析坝上和接坝地区居民缺血性脑卒中的发病原因。结果性别、年龄、民族、吸烟、饮酒、肥胖或超重、脑卒中家族史、高尿酸血症、糖尿病、高血压、饮食习惯不合理、劳累过度、突然用力等构成比在病例组和对照组中差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肥胖或超重、高尿酸血症、糖尿病、高血压及饮食习惯不合理均与缺血性脑卒中呈强相关性,是其发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论肥胖或超重、高尿酸血症、糖尿病、高血压及饮食习惯不合理等均是坝上和接坝地区居民缺血性脑卒中危险因素。
Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors of residents with ischemic stroke in Bashang and Jieba areas. Methods A total of 3 300 questionnaires were collected from 3 300 permanent residents in Bashang area and Fengba district of Fengning County, Chengde City, Hebei Province using a multistage cluster randomized method. A total of 3 170 questionnaires were collected and the recovery rate was 96.06%. Among them, 215 were ischemic stroke (case group) and 2 955 were ischemic stroke (control group). The causes of ischemic stroke in residents in Dam and Juba were retrospectively analyzed. Results Compared with cases and controls, sex, age, nationality, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity or overweight, family history of stroke, hyperuricemia, diabetes, hypertension, unreasonable eating habits, overwork, The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Obesity or overweight, hyperuricemia, diabetes, hypertension and unhealthy eating habits were all significantly correlated with ischemic stroke, which were independent risk factors for the pathogenesis (P <0.05). Conclusions Obesity or overweight, hyperuricemia, diabetes, hypertension and unreasonable diet are the risk factors of ischemic stroke in residents of Bashang and Juba.