期望理论是佛隆1964年提出来的一种过程型的激励理论。这一理论认为,人的行为是建立在一定期望的基础之上的,期望力量的大小取决于目标价值的大小和实现目标的概率。期望理论可用下列公式来表示:激励力量=目标价值(效价)×期望概率(期望值)。目标价值(效价)是指某 The theory of expectations is a process-based incentive theory proposed by Folon in 1964. This theory holds that human behavior is based on certain expectations. The size of the expected strength depends on the size of the target value and the probability of achieving the goal. Expectation theory can be expressed by the following formula: incentive power = target value (valence) × expected probability (expectation). The target value (valence) is a