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全基因组选择技术通过全基因组中大量的单核苷酸多态性标记(SNP)和参照群体的表型数据建立BLUP模型估计出每一标记的育种值,称为估计育种值(GEBV),然后仅利用同样的分子标记估计出后代个体育种值并进行选择。该文就近年来国内外有关影响基因组选择效率的主要因素——参考群体的类型与大小、模型的建立方法、标记的类型及其数目、性状遗传力,以及对基因组选择效率的影响等方面的研究进展进行综述,并介绍了全基因组选择技术在玉米育种上应用概况以及对未来的展望。
Genome-wide selection technology estimates the breeding value for each marker, called the estimated breeding value (GEBV), by modeling the BLUP model with a large number of SNPs in the genome and the phenotypic data of the reference population and then Only the same molecular markers are used to estimate and select offspring individual breeding values. In this paper, in recent years, the main factors influencing genomic selection efficiency at home and abroad - the type and size of reference population, the method of model establishment, the type and number of markers, the heritability of traits and the effect on genomic selection efficiency Reviewed the progress and introduced the application of whole genome selection in maize breeding and the prospect of the future.