目的　寻找难治性小儿丙型肝炎的有效治疗方法。方法　采用基因工程α干扰素联合利巴韦林 (病毒唑 ,维克拉 ,Ribavirin)治疗 15例经α干扰素治疗无效或复发、病程长者达 5～ 9年的难治性小儿丙型肝炎。采用年龄分组的方法 ,经病毒血清及肝脏组织病理学检查确诊。结果　本组平均年龄 6～ 8岁 ,最大 10岁 ,最小 6个月 ,平均病程 4 5年 ,男 12例 ,女 3例 ,14例有输注血制品史。经联合治疗后 ,血清HCVRNA阴转率为 12 / 15 ,平均阴转时间为 3个月 ,最短 1 5个月 ,最长为 5个月。本组无一例出现严重不良反应。一过性发热和感冒样症状与单独应用α干扰素无差别。个别 (2例 )病例有一性轻度纳差 ,恶心 ,部分病例 (9例 )有一过性血色素轻度下降 ,降幅平均值为 5 g/L ,最多者降幅为 2 0g/L ,网织红细胞均有一过性轻度升高。均不影响治疗 ,可自行恢复。未见皮疹 ,白细胞和血小板减少及肾功异常改变。结论　α干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗难治性小儿丙型肝炎是有效、安全、可靠的 ,值得进一步推广应用 Objective To find an effective treatment for refractory hepatitis C in children. Methods Fifteen refractory or refractory hepatitis C patients with relapsed or relapsed α interferon for 5 to 9 years were treated with riboflavin and ribavirin (ribavirin and Ribavirin). By age group method, confirmed by viral serum and liver histopathology. Results The average age of this group was 6 to 8 years old, the largest 10 years old, the smallest 6 months, the average course of 45 years, 12 males and 3 females, 14 cases of transfusion history. After the combination therapy, serum HCVRNA negative conversion rate of 12/15, the average time of negative conversion of 3 months, the shortest 15 months, up to 5 months. No serious adverse reaction in this group. An episode of fever and flu-like symptoms were indistinguishable from interferon-alpha alone. One case (2 cases) had mild mild anorexia and nausea. In some cases (9 cases), transient hemoglobin decreased slightly, with an average decrease of 5 g / L and a maximum of 20 g / L. Reticulocytes Have transient mild increase. Does not affect the treatment, self-recovery. No rash, white blood cells and thrombocytopenia and abnormal changes in renal function. Conclusions Interferon-α and ribavirin are effective, safe and reliable for the treatment of refractory pediatric hepatitis C, which is worth further promotion and application