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目的探讨儿童青少年原发性高血压左心室结构及心功能的特点,为有效防治提供参考依据。方法以超声心动图测量37名原发性高血压患儿心脏结构和功能各项指标,并与42例健康儿童为对照组作比较分析。结果原发性高血压组患儿左心室舒张末期内径、左心室收缩末期内径、左心室后壁舒张末期厚度、室间隔舒张末期厚度、左心室质量、左心室质量指数较较对照组显著增高(P<0.05),左心室射血分数、左心室短轴缩短率较对照组降低(P<0.05)。舒张早期峰值血流速度(E峰)较对照组下降(P>0.05),舒张晚期峰值血流速度(A峰)上升(P<0.05),E/A显著下降(P<0.05)。9例患儿存在左心室肥厚,1例出现向心性重构。结论在儿童原发性高血压病中,心脏作为病变受累的靶器官,已存在结构和功能的异常改变。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of left ventricular structure and cardiac function in children and adolescents with essential hypertension and provide a reference for effective prevention and treatment. Methods Echocardiography was used to measure the cardiac structure and function of 37 children with essential hypertension and compared with 42 healthy children. Results Left ventricular end diastolic dimension, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic thickness, inter-septal end-diastolic thickness, left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass index were significantly higher in patients with primary hypertension than those in control group P <0.05). Left ventricular ejection fraction and shortening of left ventricular short axis were lower than those in control group (P <0.05). The peak early diastolic blood flow velocity (E peak) decreased compared with that of the control group (P> 0.05), and the peak peak velocity (A peak) increased (P <0.05) and the E / A decreased significantly in the late diastolic phase (P <0.05). Left ventricular hypertrophy was found in 9 patients and concentric remodeling in 1 patient. Conclusion In children with essential hypertension, the heart as a lesion involved target organ, there are abnormal changes in the structure and function.