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例题教学具有示范性、典型性,是传授知识、培养技能、发展能力的重要手段。优化例题教学,其主要目的是要充分发挥例题的多重效用。教学时,除了要让学生理解和掌握例题中单一层次的数量关系外,还要审时度势地选择好适当的教法,对例题作各种必要的延伸和变换,以开拓学生的知识面,沟通知识之间的内在联系,培养学生的应变能力。本文就如何优化“工程问题”例题教学,谈点粗浅的做法。例题:一项工程,由甲工程队修建,需要20天,由乙工程队修建,需要30天,两队合修需要多少天?(五年制课本第九册第58页例5)。一、横向拓展,沟通联系教学例题后,通过对题目的情节的变换,编成题组,从一个问题拓展到另一个问题。如把上例拓展为相遇问题,水管问题、配套问题和一般应用题等,从而使学生深刻而又完整地理解了工程问题的解题思路。
Example teaching is exemplary, typical, is to impart knowledge, develop skills, ability to develop an important means. Optimize the teaching of examples, its main purpose is to give full play to the multiple effects of the examples. In teaching, in addition to allowing students to understand and master a single level of quantitative relationship between the examples, but also select the appropriate time and place the appropriate teaching method, the examples of the necessary extension and transformation in order to open up the students knowledge and communication of knowledge The internal relations between students to develop the resilience. This article on how to optimize “engineering problem ” example teaching, talkative superficial approach. Example: It takes 30 days for a project constructed by A Construction Team to take 20 days. It takes 30 days. How many days will it take for the two teams to work together? (Example 5 of Year 5 of Textbook, Volume 9). First, the horizontal development, communication, teaching examples, through the plot of the topic changes, compiled into groups, from one problem to another problem. For example, the above case should be expanded to encounter problems, water management problems, supporting problems and general application problems, so that students can understand profoundly and completely the solution to engineering problems.