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遵循先例原则是先例制度的核心,遵循先例与区别和推翻先例是遵循先例原则的一体两面。英美两国在适用法律的技术和方法上相同,但风格上差异很大。在美国,推翻先例属于法官自由裁量的范围,法官倾向于在是否遵循先例问题上以实质判断为依据,持更积极的态度。这种特色具有理论和现实的合理性。然而,不受限制的推翻先例将消解判例法制度的根基,对推翻先例存在多方面的约束和限制。这些限制体现在美国司法实践中。
Following the precedent principle is the core of the precedent system. Following the precedent, distinguishing and overthrowing the precedent are the two sides of the precedent. Britain and the United States have the same technology and method in applying the law, but the style varies greatly. In the United States, overthrowing the precedent belongs to the discretion of the judge, and judges tend to hold a more positive attitude based on substantive judgments on whether to follow the precedent. This feature has theoretical and practical rationality. However, the unrestricted overthrow of the precedent will eliminate the foundation of the case law system, and there are many restrictions and restrictions on the precedent to be overthrown. These restrictions are reflected in the judicial practice in the United States.